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Proportion of Population
There had been migrants flowing into the Shenzhen area since the Southern Song Dynasty (1127-1279 A.D.) and the number has been soaring after it was developed into a city. In Guangdong, it is the only city where Mandarin is the most popular language, thanks to its migrants from all over the country. By March 1979, the number of residents hit 314,100 in the area. The third national census in 1982 found the number reached 351,900, and most of the residents were Hakkas. The figure was 1.6674 million in the fourth national census in 1990 and reached 7.0088 million when the fifth census was made in 2000.
At present, the average age in Shenzhen is less than 30. Among the total, 8.49 percent are below the age of 15, 88.41 percent between the age of 15 and 59, one-fifth from 20 to 24 and 1.22 percent are aged 65 or over.
The population structure polarizes into two opposing extremes: densely populated intellectuals with a high level of education, and migrant workers with poor education.
Population kept growing. By the end of 2004, there were 5.9755 million permanent residents. The birth rate of the officially registered permanent population was 11.58 percent, the death rate 1.37 percent, natural population growth rate 10.21 percent and birth control rate 98.7 percent. The average life expectancy was 76.71 years, higher than the average in some developed countries.
Migrant Population
Based on the fifth national census, Shenzhen had a migrant population of 5.77 million, 82.1 percent of the total. Among the migrant population, 1.6 percent were engaged in the first industry, 53.5 percent in secondary industry while 27.2 percent in the tertiary industry.
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